Behavioral tracking tells you what you're doing. Biomarkers tell you what's actually happening inside your body.

You can eat well, sleep eight hours, and train consistently — and still carry hidden cardiovascular risk, creeping insulin resistance, or a vitamin deficiency that undermines everything else. Blood biomarkers close that gap. They are the objective, measurable signals your body produces in response to how you live, and they reveal what no wearable, food log, or fitness tracker can.

WellPath tracks 59 blood biomarkers for female patients (58 for male — progesterone is female-only), plus 4 biological age measures, across 11 clinical categories. Each one is selected for its relevance to long-term health, disease prevention, and biological aging. Together, they form a complete picture of your metabolic, cardiovascular, hormonal, and immunological health — and they power the personalized recommendations your clinician builds into your WellPath plan.

WellPath is not a lab company. We are a platform that makes lab data actionable. Your labs can come from any source — what matters is how the results are used.

Lab results enter WellPath through multiple pathways: your clinician can enter them inline during a visit, upload a PDF lab report for automatic extraction, enter results in bulk, or results can sync directly from Apple Health. Once in the system, every biomarker is mapped to optimal, borderline, and clinical ranges that reflect current longevity-focused research — not just conventional reference ranges.

From there, WellPath automatically:

• Scores each marker against age- and sex-adjusted optimal ranges
• Identifies patterns across related markers (for example, linking elevated hsCRP with a declining HDL trend)
• Generates targeted recommendations that connect your lab results to actionable behavioral changes
• Tracks trends over time so you and your clinician can see whether interventions are working
• Feeds biological age calculations — your PhenoAge updates automatically with every new panel

The result is a living, evolving health profile — not a static lab report you read once and forget.

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and it develops silently over decades. Standard cholesterol panels catch only part of the story. WellPath tracks seven cardiovascular markers that together reveal your true lipid burden, particle-level risk, and the inflammatory drivers that accelerate arterial damage.

ApoB

Apolipoprotein B measures the total number of atherogenic (artery-damaging) lipoprotein particles in your blood. Unlike LDL cholesterol, which measures the cholesterol content carried by those particles, ApoB counts the particles themselves — making it a more accurate predictor of cardiovascular risk. Elevated ApoB signals that more particles are available to penetrate and inflame arterial walls, even when LDL cholesterol appears normal. Retest every cycle, or 8-12 weeks after starting lipid-lowering therapy.

HDL Cholesterol

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol reflects the cholesterol carried by particles that transport excess cholesterol away from arteries and back to the liver for disposal. Higher HDL is generally protective, though extremely high levels (above 90 mg/dL) may not confer additional benefit. Low HDL is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and often accompanies insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Retest every cycle, or sooner if beginning an exercise program or dietary intervention targeting HDL.

LDL Cholesterol

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is the most commonly measured marker of cardiovascular risk. It represents the cholesterol content carried by LDL particles — the primary vehicles that deposit cholesterol in arterial walls. While useful, LDL cholesterol can underestimate risk in people with many small, dense LDL particles (a pattern common in insulin resistance). WellPath interprets LDL alongside ApoB for a more complete picture. Retest every cycle.

Lp(a)

Lipoprotein(a) is a genetically determined lipoprotein particle that carries both cholesterol and a prothrombotic protein. Elevated Lp(a) significantly increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, and aortic valve disease — and because it is largely genetic, it does not respond to diet or exercise. Knowing your Lp(a) level helps your clinician assess inherited cardiovascular risk and determine whether more aggressive lipid management is warranted. Test once to establish your baseline. Because Lp(a) is genetically determined, it does not change with lifestyle interventions. Retest only if starting niacin or PCSK9 inhibitor therapy.

Omega-3 Index

The Omega-3 Index measures the percentage of EPA and DHA (the two most important omega-3 fatty acids) in your red blood cell membranes. An index above 8% is associated with significantly lower cardiovascular risk, reduced inflammation, and improved cell membrane function. Most Americans score between 4-5%, reflecting insufficient omega-3 intake. Retest every cycle, or 3-4 months after increasing fish intake or starting supplementation.

Total Cholesterol

Total cholesterol is the sum of HDL, LDL, and VLDL cholesterol. While it provides a general overview, it is the least specific cardiovascular marker — a high total cholesterol driven by high HDL is very different from one driven by high LDL. WellPath includes total cholesterol for completeness and trend tracking, but prioritizes the component markers and ratios for clinical decision-making. Retest every cycle.

Triglycerides

Triglycerides are the most abundant fat in your blood, carried primarily by VLDL particles. Elevated fasting triglycerides are a hallmark of metabolic dysfunction — they signal excess carbohydrate intake, insulin resistance, or both. Triglycerides above 150 mg/dL are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and often predict the presence of small, dense LDL particles. Retest every cycle, or 8-12 weeks after dietary changes targeting carbohydrate or alcohol reduction.

Metabolic health underpins virtually every other system in the body. Insulin resistance — the gradual loss of your cells' ability to respond to insulin — is the root driver of type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, and accelerated aging. WellPath tracks seven metabolic markers that together reveal your insulin sensitivity, glucose regulation, liver health, and hormonal metabolism.

ALT

Alanine aminotransferase is a liver enzyme that rises when liver cells are damaged or inflamed. In the context of metabolic health, elevated ALT is one of the earliest signals of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) — a condition present in roughly 25% of adults that often produces no symptoms. Persistently elevated ALT, even mildly, warrants investigation into insulin resistance, dietary patterns, and alcohol intake. Retest every cycle; every cycle when stable.

Fasting Glucose

Fasting glucose measures the concentration of sugar in your blood after an overnight fast. It reflects your body's baseline ability to regulate blood sugar without the influence of a recent meal. While conventional ranges consider anything below 100 mg/dL normal, longevity-focused research suggests optimal fasting glucose sits between 72-85 mg/dL. Retest every 3-6 months if trending upward; annually if stable.

Fasting Insulin

Fasting insulin is one of the most underutilized markers in standard medicine. It measures how much insulin your pancreas must produce to maintain normal blood sugar — and it rises years before glucose does. Elevated fasting insulin (hyperinsulinemia) is the earliest detectable sign of insulin resistance, often appearing a decade before a prediabetes diagnosis. WellPath treats this as a critical early-warning marker. Retest every cycle.

HbA1c

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects your average blood sugar over the previous 2-3 months by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin proteins that have been glycated (coated with sugar). It provides a longer-term view than fasting glucose and is less affected by day-to-day variation. An HbA1c below 5.0% is optimal for longevity; above 5.7% indicates prediabetes. Retest every cycle; every cycle when stable.

HOMA-IR

The Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance is a calculated index derived from fasting glucose and fasting insulin. It quantifies the degree to which your body resists insulin's signal — the lower the number, the more insulin-sensitive you are. HOMA-IR is one of the most practical tools for tracking metabolic health over time, because it captures the dynamic relationship between glucose and insulin that neither marker reveals alone. Calculated automatically whenever fasting glucose and insulin are drawn.

Testosterone

Testosterone plays a critical metabolic role in both men and women. In men, declining testosterone is associated with increased visceral fat, insulin resistance, reduced muscle mass, and lower bone density. In women, testosterone supports muscle maintenance, energy, and libido. WellPath tracks total testosterone as part of metabolic health because of its strong bidirectional relationship with body composition and insulin sensitivity. Retest every cycle.

Uric Acid

Uric acid is a byproduct of purine metabolism that, when elevated, contributes to gout, kidney stones, and — increasingly recognized — cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Elevated uric acid impairs nitric oxide production (reducing vascular health) and is closely linked to fructose metabolism and insulin resistance. Optimal levels sit below 6.0 mg/dL for men and 5.0 mg/dL for women. Retest every cycle, or sooner if dietary interventions are underway.

Your kidneys filter approximately 200 liters of blood every day, removing waste products, balancing electrolytes, and regulating blood pressure. Kidney function declines naturally with age, but the rate of that decline is modifiable. WellPath tracks eight markers that together reveal filtration capacity, protein status, and early signs of kidney stress — often years before symptoms appear.

Albumin

Albumin is the most abundant protein in your blood, produced by the liver. It serves as a carrier for hormones, drugs, and nutrients, and it maintains the osmotic pressure that keeps fluid in your blood vessels. Low albumin can indicate liver disease, kidney disease (from protein loss in urine), chronic inflammation, or malnutrition. It is also one of the strongest predictors of all-cause mortality in older adults. Retest every cycle.

BUN

Blood urea nitrogen measures the amount of urea — a waste product from protein metabolism — in your blood. Your kidneys filter urea out; when they struggle, BUN rises. However, BUN is also influenced by protein intake, hydration status, and muscle breakdown, so it must be interpreted alongside creatinine and eGFR for an accurate picture of kidney function. Retest every cycle.

Creatinine

Creatinine is a waste product generated by normal muscle metabolism. Your kidneys filter it at a relatively constant rate, making it a useful (though imperfect) marker of kidney filtration. Creatinine is influenced by muscle mass — a muscular person may have a higher creatinine without impaired kidney function. WellPath interprets creatinine alongside cystatin C and eGFR for a more reliable assessment. Retest every cycle.

Cystatin C

Cystatin C is a protein produced by all nucleated cells at a nearly constant rate, filtered exclusively by the kidneys. Unlike creatinine, it is not affected by muscle mass, diet, or exercise — making it a more accurate marker of kidney filtration, especially in athletes, older adults, and people with unusual body composition. Cystatin C-based eGFR is increasingly recognized as the gold standard for kidney function assessment. Retest every cycle.

eGFR

Estimated glomerular filtration rate is a calculated value that estimates how many milliliters of blood your kidneys filter per minute. It is derived from creatinine (or cystatin C) and adjusted for age and sex. An eGFR above 90 is normal; 60-89 indicates mild decline; below 60 signals chronic kidney disease. WellPath tracks eGFR trends over time because the rate of change matters as much as the absolute number. Retest every cycle.

Hematocrit

Hematocrit measures the percentage of your blood volume occupied by red blood cells. It reflects your body's oxygen-carrying capacity and is influenced by hydration, altitude, training status, and red blood cell production. Low hematocrit may indicate anemia, overhydration, or chronic disease; high hematocrit can signal dehydration, polycythemia, or testosterone use. Retest every cycle, or sooner if abnormal.

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is the iron-containing protein inside red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen from your lungs to every tissue in your body. Low hemoglobin (anemia) causes fatigue, weakness, and impaired exercise capacity. It can result from iron deficiency, B12 or folate deficiency, chronic disease, or blood loss. WellPath tracks hemoglobin alongside iron panel markers for comprehensive anemia assessment. Retest every cycle.

Protein (Serum)

Total serum protein measures the combined concentration of albumin and globulin proteins in your blood. It provides a general overview of your body's protein status, immune function, and liver synthetic capacity. Low total protein may indicate malnutrition, liver disease, or protein-losing kidney disease. High levels can signal chronic inflammation, infection, or, rarely, blood cancers. Retest every cycle.

Chronic low-grade inflammation is one of the central drivers of aging and age-related disease. Unlike acute inflammation — which is a healthy, necessary response to injury — chronic inflammation simmers quietly, damaging blood vessels, promoting insulin resistance, and accelerating cellular aging. WellPath tracks six inflammatory markers that together distinguish between acute infection, chronic systemic inflammation, and immune imbalance.

Eosinophils

Eosinophils are white blood cells primarily involved in fighting parasitic infections and mediating allergic responses. Elevated eosinophils (eosinophilia) can indicate allergies, asthma, parasitic infection, or, less commonly, autoimmune or hematologic conditions. In the context of longevity, persistent eosinophilia warrants investigation as it signals ongoing immune activation. Retest annually, or sooner if a new allergy or parasitic exposure is suspected.

hsCRP

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is the single most important marker of systemic inflammation. Produced by the liver in response to inflammatory cytokines, hsCRP captures low-grade chronic inflammation that standard CRP tests miss. Levels below 0.5 mg/L are optimal; above 3.0 mg/L signal significant cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Because hsCRP can spike transiently from acute illness or intense exercise, WellPath tracks trends rather than isolated readings. Retest every cycle.

Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes — including T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells — are the adaptive arm of your immune system. They recognize and remember specific pathogens, coordinate immune responses, and destroy infected or cancerous cells. Low lymphocyte counts (lymphopenia) are associated with increased mortality risk and may indicate chronic stress, viral infection, or immune exhaustion. WellPath tracks lymphocytes as part of the NLR ratio. Retest every cycle unless stable across multiple cycles.

Neutrophils

Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells and the first responders to bacterial infection and tissue injury. Elevated neutrophils indicate acute infection, physical stress, or corticosteroid use. In the absence of acute illness, persistently elevated neutrophils (especially relative to lymphocytes) suggest chronic systemic inflammation — a key driver of cardiovascular disease and accelerated aging. Retest every cycle unless stable across multiple cycles.

NLR

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a calculated marker that captures the balance between innate (neutrophil) and adaptive (lymphocyte) immune activity. An elevated NLR — even within conventional "normal" ranges for each component — is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular events, cancer prognosis, and all-cause mortality. Optimal NLR sits between 1.0-2.0. WellPath calculates this automatically from your CBC results. Calculated automatically whenever CBC is drawn.

WBC

White blood cell count measures the total number of immune cells circulating in your blood. While often treated as a simple infection marker, WBC within the upper-normal range (above 6,000-7,000) is independently associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality. Optimal WBC for longevity is 3,500-6,000 cells/mcL. WellPath tracks both the total count and the differential (the individual cell types listed above). Retest every cycle unless stable across multiple cycles.

Hormones are your body's signaling molecules — they regulate metabolism, bone density, mood, sleep, reproduction, and stress response. Hormonal imbalances develop gradually and are often dismissed as "normal aging," but they are frequently correctable. WellPath tracks seven hormonal markers that reveal thyroid function, adrenal health, reproductive status, and calcium metabolism.

Calcium (Ionized)

Ionized calcium measures the biologically active, unbound calcium in your blood — the form that your muscles, nerves, and heart actually use. Unlike total calcium, ionized calcium is not affected by albumin levels, making it more clinically accurate. Abnormal ionized calcium can indicate parathyroid disease, vitamin D deficiency, or kidney dysfunction. Retest every cycle, or sooner if parathyroid disease is suspected.

Calcium (Serum)

Serum calcium measures the total calcium in your blood, including calcium bound to albumin and other proteins. It is the standard screening test for calcium disorders. Persistently elevated calcium (hypercalcemia) most commonly indicates primary hyperparathyroidism — a treatable condition that, if ignored, leads to kidney stones, bone loss, and cardiovascular damage. Low calcium may reflect vitamin D deficiency or magnesium depletion. Retest every cycle.

Cortisol

Cortisol is your primary stress hormone, produced by the adrenal glands in a diurnal rhythm — highest in the morning, lowest at night. Chronic stress, poor sleep, and overtraining can dysregulate cortisol patterns, contributing to weight gain (especially visceral fat), muscle breakdown, immune suppression, and impaired recovery. A single morning cortisol provides a screening snapshot; WellPath interprets it alongside DHEA-S for a more complete adrenal picture. Retest every cycle.

DHEA-S

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is the most abundant steroid hormone in the body and a precursor to both testosterone and estrogen. DHEA-S declines steadily with age — by age 70, levels are typically 80% lower than at age 25. Low DHEA-S is associated with reduced immune function, decreased bone density, and increased cardiovascular risk. The ratio of cortisol to DHEA-S is a key indicator of adrenal balance and recovery capacity. Retest every cycle.

Estradiol

Estradiol is the most potent form of estrogen and plays critical roles in both women and men. In women, it regulates the menstrual cycle, maintains bone density, and protects cardiovascular health. In men, estradiol (converted from testosterone) supports bone health and brain function, but excessive levels can indicate aromatase overactivity. Timing matters: in premenopausal women, estradiol should be measured on day 3 of the menstrual cycle. Retest every cycle.

Progesterone (Female Only)

Progesterone is a steroid hormone essential for menstrual cycle regulation, pregnancy maintenance, and neuroprotection. In premenopausal women, progesterone should be measured during the luteal phase (days 19-22) to confirm ovulation. Low progesterone relative to estradiol ("estrogen dominance") is associated with PMS, irregular cycles, and increased breast cancer risk. In perimenopausal women, declining progesterone often precedes estrogen decline. Retest every cycle, timed to cycle.

TSH

Thyroid-stimulating hormone is the primary screening marker for thyroid function. Produced by the pituitary gland, TSH rises when your thyroid is underactive (hypothyroidism) and drops when it is overactive (hyperthyroidism). Subclinical hypothyroidism — TSH between 2.5-4.5 mIU/L with normal free T4 — is common and associated with fatigue, weight gain, and elevated cholesterol. WellPath uses narrower optimal ranges than conventional labs. Retest every cycle.

Training hard is only half the equation — recovering well is the other half. Overtraining, underrecovery, and hormonal imbalances can turn a fitness routine into a source of chronic stress. WellPath tracks eight markers that reveal liver stress from training loads, muscle damage, hormonal availability, and electrolyte balance.

ALP

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found in the liver, bones, kidneys, and intestines. In the context of fitness, ALP is most relevant as a marker of bone turnover — elevated ALP can indicate increased bone formation (a healthy response to resistance training) or bone disease. In the liver context, elevated ALP alongside GGT suggests biliary stress. Retest every cycle.

AST

Aspartate aminotransferase is found in the liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. Unlike ALT (which is liver-specific), AST rises with intense exercise and muscle damage — a hard training session can elevate AST for 24-72 hours. WellPath interprets AST alongside ALT and creatine kinase: if AST is elevated but ALT is normal, the source is likely muscle, not liver. Retest every 6-12 months; avoid intense exercise 48-72 hours before the draw.

Creatine Kinase

Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme released by damaged muscle cells. It is the most sensitive marker of muscle damage from exercise, trauma, or disease. Moderate CK elevations after hard training are normal and expected; persistently elevated CK at rest may indicate rhabdomyolysis risk, statin-related myopathy, or inadequate recovery between training sessions. Retest every 6-12 months; avoid intense exercise 48-72 hours before the draw.

Free Testosterone

Free testosterone measures the small fraction (typically 2-3%) of total testosterone that circulates unbound to proteins and is immediately available for use by tissues. Free testosterone is often a more clinically relevant measure than total testosterone because it reflects what your body can actually use. Low free testosterone impairs muscle protein synthesis, recovery, and training adaptation. Retest every cycle.

GGT

Gamma-glutamyl transferase is a liver enzyme that is highly sensitive to alcohol use, bile duct obstruction, and oxidative stress. In the longevity context, GGT within the upper-normal range is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality — even in non-drinkers. Optimal GGT is well below conventional reference ranges. Retest every cycle.

Potassium

Potassium is a critical electrolyte that regulates heart rhythm, muscle contraction, and nerve signaling. Both low and high potassium are dangerous — hypokalemia causes muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmia; hyperkalemia can be life-threatening. Athletes lose potassium through sweat, and potassium is depleted by diuretics, excessive caffeine, and inadequate dietary intake. Retest every cycle, or sooner if on medications affecting potassium.

SHBG

Sex hormone-binding globulin is a protein produced by the liver that binds testosterone and estradiol, controlling how much of each hormone is "free" and biologically active. High SHBG reduces free testosterone (and can cause symptoms of low T despite normal total testosterone); low SHBG increases free hormone levels and is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. SHBG is essential for interpreting testosterone results accurately. Retest every cycle.

Sodium

Sodium is the primary electrolyte that regulates fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve function. Abnormal sodium levels are most often caused by hydration status rather than dietary intake. Hyponatremia (low sodium) can result from overhydration, endurance exercise, or certain medications; hypernatremia (high sodium) indicates dehydration. Athletes and those on low-sodium diets should monitor sodium alongside other electrolytes. Retest every cycle.

Iron is essential for oxygen transport, energy production, and immune function — but both deficiency and excess are harmful. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, causing fatigue, impaired cognition, and reduced exercise capacity. Iron overload (hemochromatosis) damages the liver, heart, and pancreas. WellPath tracks four iron markers that together distinguish between deficiency, overload, and the inflammatory redistribution that can mimic deficiency.

Iron

Serum iron measures the amount of iron circulating in your blood, bound to the transport protein transferrin. It fluctuates significantly throughout the day and in response to recent meals, making it the least reliable iron marker when measured alone. WellPath interprets serum iron alongside ferritin, TIBC, and transferrin saturation for an accurate assessment. Retest every cycle; every cycle when stable.

Ferritin (Serum)

Ferritin is the primary storage form of iron in your body. It is the single most useful marker for assessing iron stores — low ferritin is the earliest indicator of iron deficiency, often declining years before hemoglobin drops. However, ferritin is also an acute-phase reactant that rises with inflammation, infection, and liver disease — meaning a "normal" ferritin in someone with chronic inflammation may actually mask underlying iron deficiency. Retest every cycle.

TIBC

Total iron-binding capacity measures the blood's capacity to bind iron with transferrin. When iron stores are low, the body produces more transferrin to capture whatever iron is available — so TIBC rises in iron deficiency and falls in iron overload. TIBC is most useful in distinguishing iron deficiency anemia from anemia of chronic disease, where TIBC is typically normal or low. Retest every cycle.

Transferrin Saturation

Transferrin saturation is the percentage of transferrin that is currently carrying iron. It is calculated from serum iron and TIBC and provides the most clinically actionable snapshot of iron availability. A saturation below 20% indicates functional iron deficiency; above 45% suggests iron overload. WellPath tracks transferrin saturation as the primary decision-making marker for iron supplementation and dietary recommendations. Retest every cycle.

Micronutrient status underpins cellular function at every level — from DNA methylation and neurotransmitter synthesis to immune regulation and bone metabolism. Deficiencies are common even in well-fed populations, often caused by soil depletion, medication interactions, gut malabsorption, or simply inadequate dietary variety. WellPath tracks six markers that cover the most clinically significant and commonly deficient micronutrients.

Retest interval: Every 3-6 months when supplementing or correcting a deficiency. Annually when stable.

Folate (RBC)

Red blood cell folate measures the folate stored inside your red blood cells over their 120-day lifespan, providing a more accurate picture of long-term folate status than serum folate. Folate is essential for DNA synthesis, methylation, and neural tube development. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and elevated homocysteine — a cardiovascular risk factor. MTHFR gene variants can impair folate metabolism, making RBC folate monitoring particularly important. Retest every cycle.

Folate (Serum)

Serum folate reflects recent dietary folate intake over the past few days to weeks. It is useful as a screening tool but fluctuates more than RBC folate. Low serum folate with normal RBC folate may indicate a recent dietary shortfall rather than true deficiency. WellPath uses serum folate for initial screening and RBC folate for monitoring long-term status. Retest every cycle; every cycle when stable.

Homocysteine

Homocysteine is an amino acid intermediate in the methylation cycle. Elevated homocysteine is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, cognitive decline, and bone fractures. It rises when B12, folate, or B6 are insufficient to convert it back to methionine or cysteine. WellPath tracks homocysteine as both a cardiovascular risk marker and a functional indicator of B-vitamin and methylation status. Optimal levels are below 7 micromol/L. Retest every cycle.

Magnesium (RBC)

RBC magnesium measures the magnesium stored inside red blood cells — a far more accurate reflection of your body's magnesium status than the standard serum magnesium test. Serum magnesium represents only 1% of total body magnesium and is tightly regulated; you can be significantly magnesium-depleted with a "normal" serum level. Magnesium is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions, including muscle contraction, blood sugar regulation, and sleep quality. Retest every cycle.

Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is essential for nerve function, red blood cell formation, and DNA synthesis. Deficiency is common in vegetarians, vegans, older adults (due to declining stomach acid), and those taking metformin or proton pump inhibitors. B12 deficiency causes fatigue, neuropathy, cognitive impairment, and megaloblastic anemia. WellPath interprets B12 alongside homocysteine and MCV for a comprehensive assessment. Retest every cycle; every cycle when stable.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone (not technically a vitamin) that regulates calcium absorption, bone metabolism, immune function, and gene expression. Deficiency is epidemic — an estimated 40% of U.S. adults are deficient, with higher rates in northern latitudes, darker skin tones, and those who avoid sun exposure. Optimal levels for longevity are 40-60 ng/mL, well above the conventional "sufficient" threshold of 30 ng/mL. Retest every cycle; every cycle when stable.

Your complete blood count (CBC) provides a snapshot of the cells that carry oxygen, fight infection, and prevent bleeding. While individual CBC values are often unremarkable, patterns across these markers can reveal nutritional deficiencies, chronic disease, bone marrow dysfunction, and early signs of hematologic conditions. WellPath tracks six CBC parameters that provide the most clinically relevant information.

MCH

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin measures the average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell. Low MCH indicates that each red blood cell carries less oxygen — a pattern characteristic of iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia. High MCH occurs when red blood cells are abnormally large (macrocytic), typically from B12 or folate deficiency. MCH is most useful when interpreted alongside MCV and MCHC. Retest every cycle.

MCHC

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration measures how concentrated hemoglobin is within each red blood cell. Low MCHC produces pale, "washed out" red blood cells (hypochromic anemia) — the hallmark of iron deficiency. MCHC is the last red blood cell index to drop in iron deficiency, making it a marker of more advanced depletion. Retest every cycle.

MCV

Mean corpuscular volume measures the average size of your red blood cells. It is the most diagnostically useful red blood cell index because it immediately categorizes anemia: microcytic (small cells, MCV below 80) suggests iron deficiency or thalassemia; macrocytic (large cells, MCV above 100) suggests B12 or folate deficiency. Trending MCV over time can reveal evolving deficiencies before anemia develops. Retest every cycle.

Platelet Count

Platelets are cell fragments essential for blood clotting. Low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) increase bleeding risk and can result from viral infections, autoimmune conditions, liver disease, or medications. High platelet counts (thrombocytosis) may indicate chronic inflammation, iron deficiency, or, rarely, a bone marrow disorder. WellPath monitors platelet trends for stability rather than reacting to isolated values. Retest every cycle unless stable across multiple cycles.

Red Blood Cell Count

Red blood cell (RBC) count measures the total number of red blood cells per microliter of blood. It complements hemoglobin and hematocrit in assessing oxygen-carrying capacity. Low RBC count indicates anemia from any cause; high RBC count may reflect dehydration, chronic hypoxia, testosterone use, or polycythemia vera. Athletes and those living at altitude may have naturally higher RBC counts. Retest every cycle unless stable across multiple cycles.

RDW

Red cell distribution width measures the variation in red blood cell size within a sample. High RDW indicates a mix of differently sized cells — a finding that often precedes anemia and can signal iron deficiency, B12/folate deficiency, or chronic inflammation. Emerging research identifies elevated RDW as an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality, even when other CBC values are normal. Retest every cycle unless stable across multiple cycles.

Chronological age tells you how long you have been alive. Biological age tells you how well your body is aging. WellPath integrates four biological aging measures that capture how your lifestyle, environment, and genetics are influencing the rate at which your cells and organ systems deteriorate.

Two of these are calculated directly from your standard blood panel — every patient gets them automatically. The other two come from TruDiagnostics epigenetic testing, which we recommend but do not require.

WellPath PhenoAge (Blood-Based)

WellPath PhenoAge is a biological age estimate derived from clinical biomarkers — no specialized testing required. Based on the PhenoAge algorithm (which uses albumin, creatinine, glucose, hsCRP, lymphocyte percentage, MCV, RDW, ALP, and WBC), it calculates your biological age from standard blood work. This makes biological age tracking accessible from your very first lab panel. WellPath PhenoAge updates automatically whenever relevant lab results are entered.

WellPath Pace of Aging (Blood-Based)

WellPath Pace of Aging measures how fast you are aging relative to calendar time. In your first cycle, it is calculated as the ratio of your PhenoAge to your chronological age — a PhenoAge of 35 at chronological age 40 means you are aging slower than expected. In subsequent cycles, it becomes longitudinal: the change in PhenoAge between lab panels divided by the real time elapsed between them. This is a crude but practical measure that improves in accuracy as more data points accumulate over cycles.

DunedinPACE (TruDiagnostics — Optional)

DunedinPACE (Pace of Aging Computed from the Epigenome) measures your current rate of biological aging using DNA methylation patterns. Developed from the Dunedin longitudinal study, it quantifies whether your body is aging faster or slower than one biological year per calendar year. A score of 1.0 means you are aging at the expected rate; below 1.0 means you are aging slower. DunedinPACE is the most responsive epigenetic marker to lifestyle interventions. This test is administered through TruDiagnostics and is recommended but not required.

OMICmAge (TruDiagnostics — Optional)

OMICmAge is a multi-omic biological age clock that integrates data from multiple molecular layers — including DNA methylation, proteomics, and metabolomics — to estimate biological age. Unlike single-layer clocks, OMICmAge captures the interconnected molecular processes that drive aging, providing a more robust and comprehensive estimate. Your OMICmAge relative to your chronological age indicates whether your molecular biology reflects someone younger or older. Like DunedinPACE, this is administered through TruDiagnostics and is recommended but not required.

Your biomarker results don't live in a vacuum. When labs are entered into WellPath — whether your clinician enters them inline, uploads a PDF lab report, adds them in bulk, or they sync from Apple Health — they immediately flow into your health profile:

1. 1.Scored against optimal ranges — not just conventional reference ranges, but longevity-optimized targets informed by current research
2. 2.Biological age updated — your WellPath PhenoAge and Pace of Aging recalculate automatically with every new panel
3. 3.Connected to your behavioral data — linking what your blood shows to what you eat, how you sleep, and how you train
4. 4.Surfaced as recommendations — your clinician sees exactly which behaviors to target based on your lab trends
5. 5.Tracked over time — every result becomes a data point in your long-term health trajectory, with cycle-over-cycle comparisons in retrospectives

Biomarkers are the foundation of evidence-based health optimization. Combined with daily behavioral tracking, wearable data, and clinician-guided goal setting, they give you and your clinician the complete picture needed to make decisions that actually move the needle on your health.

To learn more about how WellPath brings all of this together, see The WellPath Approach.